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Machining, also called chipping or chip removal, is the process of giving a workpiece a specific geometric shape by using a sharp tool to remove chips from it. Countless materials are suitable for machining. In industry, the machining of metals such as stainless steel or aluminum with the help of modern CNC machines plays the most important role.

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Machining with a geometrically determined cutting edge involves the use of cutting edges with a geometry specifically produced for this purpose. The most important of these processes are turning, milling and drilling. This gives the workpieces the desired shape.
In machining with geometrically indeterminate cutting edges, countless tiny abrasive grains of non-uniform shape remove the chips from the workpiece. These include fine machining processes such as grinding, honing and lapping, which remove less material than turning, milling or drilling and improve the surface finish of the workpiece.

Machining is an ancient form of processing. The first machining tool in human history is the Paleolithic hand axe. People in the Middle Ages chipped metals for the first time.

 

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